std::exp

float       exp( float arg );

double      exp( double arg );

long double exp( long double arg );

double      exp( IntegralType arg );

Computes e (Euler's number, 2.7182818...) raised to the given power arg.

Parameters

Return value

If no errors occur, the base-e exponential of arg (earg
) is returned.

If a range error due to overflow occurs, +HUGE_VAL, +HUGE_VALF, or +HUGE_VALL is returned.

If a range error occurs due to underflow, the correct result (after rounding) is returned.

Error handling

Errors are reported as specified in math_errhandling.

If the implementation supports IEEE floating-point arithmetic (IEC 60559),

• If the argument is ±0, 1 is returned
• If the argument is -∞, +0 is returned
• If the argument is +∞, +∞ is returned
• If the argument is NaN, NaN is returned

Notes

For IEEE-compatible type double, overflow is guaranteed if 709.8 < arg, and underflow is guaranteed if arg < -708.4.

Example

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstring>
#include <cfenv>
#pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON
int main()
{
    std::cout << "exp(1) = " << std::exp(1) << '\n'
              << "FV of $100, continuously compounded at 3% for 1 year = "
              << 100*std::exp(0.03) << '\n';
    // special values
    std::cout << "exp(-0) = " << std::exp(-0.0) << '\n'
              << "exp(-Inf) = " << std::exp(-INFINITY) << '\n';
    // error handling 
    errno=0; std::feclearexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);
    std::cout << "exp(710) = " << std::exp(710) << '\n';
    if(errno == ERANGE)
        std::cout << "    errno == ERANGE: " << std::strerror(errno) << '\n';
    if(std::fetestexcept(FE_OVERFLOW))
        std::cout << "    FE_OVERFLOW raised\n";
}

exp(1) = 2.71828
FV of $100, continuously compounded at 3% for 1 year = 103.045
exp(-0) = 1
exp(-Inf) = 0
exp(710) = inf
    errno == ERANGE: Numerical result out of range
    FE_OVERFLOW raised

See also