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animation-direction

The animation-direction CSS property sets whether an animation should play forwards, backwards, or alternating back and forth.

It is often convenient to use the shorthand property animation to set all animation properties at once.

Syntax

/* Single animation */
animation-direction: normal;
animation-direction: reverse;
animation-direction: alternate;
animation-direction: alternate-reverse;

/* Multiple animations */
animation-direction: normal, reverse;
animation-direction: alternate, reverse, normal;

/* Global values */
animation-direction: inherit;
animation-direction: initial;
animation-direction: unset;

Values

normal
The animation plays forwards each cycle. In other words, each time the animation cycles, the animation will reset to the beginning state and start over again. This is the default value.
reverse
The animation plays backwards each cycle. In other words, each time the animation cycles, the animation will reset to the end state and start over again. Animation steps are performed backwards, and timing functions are also reversed. For example, an ease-in timing function becomes ease-out.
alternate
The animation reverses direction each cycle, with the first iteration being played forwards. The count to determine if a cycle is even or odd starts at one.
alternate-reverse
The animation reverses direction each cycle, with the first iteration being played backwards. The count to determinate if a cycle is even or odd starts at one.

Note: When you specify multiple comma-separated values on an animation-* property, they will be assigned to the animations specified in the animation-name property in different ways depending on how many there are. For more information, see Setting multiple animation property values.

Formal syntax

<single-animation-direction>#

where
<single-animation-direction> = normal | reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse

Examples

See CSS animations for examples.

Specifications

Initial value normal
Applies to all elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elements
Inherited no
Media visual
Computed value as specified
Animation type discrete
Canonical order the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar
Specification Status Comment
CSS Animations
The definition of 'animation-direction' in that specification.
Working Draft Initial definition.

Browser compatibilityUpdate compatibility data on GitHub

Desktop
Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari
Basic support 43
43
Yes
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
12
12
12
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
16
16
49
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
44
Prefixed Disabled
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
Disabled From version 44: this feature is behind the layout.css.prefixes.webkit preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
5
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz-
10 30
30
15
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
12.1 — 15
12 — 15
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o-
Yes
Yes
4
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
reverse 19 12 16 10 Yes Yes
alternate-reverse 19 12 16 10 Yes Yes
Mobile
Android webview Chrome for Android Edge Mobile Firefox for Android Opera for Android iOS Safari Samsung Internet
Basic support 43
43
Yes
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
43
43
Yes
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
Yes
Yes
Yes
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
16
16
49
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
44
Prefixed Disabled
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
Disabled From version 44: this feature is behind the layout.css.prefixes.webkit preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
5
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -moz-
30
30
15
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
12.1 — 14
12 — 14
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -o-
Yes
Yes
Yes
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
4.0
4.0
Yes
Prefixed
Prefixed Implemented with the vendor prefix: -webkit-
reverse No Yes Yes 16 ? No Yes
alternate-reverse ? Yes Yes 16 ? ? Yes

See also

© 2005–2018 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-direction