The <blend-mode>
CSS data type describes how colors should appear when elements overlap. It is used in the background-blend-mode
and mix-blend-mode
properties.
For each pixel among the layers to which it is applied, a blend mode takes the colors of the foreground and the background, perfoms a calculation on them, and returns a new color value.
The <blend-mode>
data type is defined using a keyword value chosen from the list below.
normal
The final color is the top color, regardless of what the bottom color is.
The effect is like two opaque pieces of paper overlapping.
multiply
The final color is the result of multiplying the top and bottom colors.
A black layer leads to a black final layer, and a white layer leads to no change.
The effect is like two images printed on transparent film overlapping.
screen
The final color is the result of inverting the colors, multiplying them, and inverting that value.
A black layer leads to no change, and a white layer leads to a white final layer.
The effect is like two images shone onto a projection screen.
overlay
multiply
if the bottom color is darker, or screen
if the bottom color is lighter.hard-light
but with the layers swapped. darken
The final color is composed of the darkest values of each color channel.
lighten
The final color is composed of the lightest values of each color channel.
color-dodge
The final color is the result of dividing the bottom color by the inverse of the top color.
A black foreground leads to no change. A foreground with the inverse color of the backdrop leads to a fully lit color.
This blend mode is similar to screen
, but the foreground need only be as light as the inverse of the backdrop to create a fully lit color.
color-burn
The final color is the result of inverting the bottom color, dividing the value by the top color, and inverting that value.
A white foreground leads to no change. A foreground with the inverse color of the backdrop leads to a black final image.
This blend mode is similar to multiply
, but the foreground need only be as dark as the inverse of the backdrop to make the final image black.
hard-light
The final color is the result of multiply
if the top color is darker, or screen
if the top color is lighter.
This blend mode is equivalent to overlay
but with the layers swapped.
The effect is similar to shining a harsh spotlight on the backdrop.
soft-light
The final color is similar to hard-light
, but softer.
This blend mode behaves similar to hard-light
.
The effect is similar to shining a diffused spotlight on the backdrop.
difference
The final color is the result of subtracting the darker of the two colors from the lighter one.
A black layer has no effect, while a white layer inverts the other layer's color.
exclusion
The final color is similar to difference,
but with less contrast.
As with difference
, a black layer has no effect, while a white layer inverts the other layer's color.
hue
The final color has the hue of the top color, while using the saturation and luminosity of the bottom color.
saturation
The final color has the saturation of the top color, while using the hue and luminosity of the bottom color.
A pure gray backdrop, having no saturation, will have no effect.
color
The final color has the hue and saturation of the top color, while using the luminosity of the bottom color.
The effect preserves gray levels and can be used to colorize the foreground.
luminosity
The final color has the luminosity of the top color, while using the hue and saturation of the bottom color.
This blend mode is equivalent to color
, but with the layers swapped.
Changes between blends mode are not interpolated. Any change occurs immediately.
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
Compositing and Blending Level 1 The definition of '<blend-mode>' in that specification. | Candidate Recommendation | Initial definition. |
Desktop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chrome | Edge | Firefox | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari | |
Basic support | 35 | No | 30 | No | 22 | ? |
Mobile | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Android webview | Chrome for Android | Edge Mobile | Firefox for Android | Opera for Android | iOS Safari | Samsung Internet | |
Basic support | 59 | 59 | Yes | 54 | ? | ? | 7.0 |
background-blend-mode
, mix-blend-mode
© 2005–2018 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/blend-mode