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grid-area

The grid-area CSS property is a shorthand property for grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end and grid-column-end, specifying a grid item’s size and location within the grid row by contributing a line, a span, or nothing (automatic) to its grid placement, thereby specifying the edges of its grid area.

If four <grid-line> values are specified, grid-row-start is set to the first value, grid-column-start is set to the second value, grid-row-end is set to the third value, and grid-column-end is set to the fourth value.

When grid-column-end is omitted, if grid-column-start is a <custom-ident>, grid-column-end is set to that <custom-ident>; otherwise, it is set to auto.

When grid-row-end is omitted, if grid-row-start is a <custom-ident>, grid-row-end is set to that <custom-ident>; otherwise, it is set to auto.

When grid-column-start is omitted, if grid-row-start is a <custom-ident>, all four longhands are set to that value. Otherwise, it is set to auto.

The grid-area property can also be set to a <custom-ident> which acts as a name for the area, which can then be placed using grid-template-areas.

Syntax

/* Keyword values */
grid-area: auto;
grid-area: auto / auto;
grid-area: auto / auto / auto;
grid-area: auto / auto / auto / auto;

/* <custom-ident> values */
grid-area: some-grid-area;
grid-area: some-grid-area / another-grid-area;

/* <integer> && <custom-ident>? values */
grid-area: some-grid-area 4;
grid-area: some-grid-area 4 / 2 another-grid-area;

/* span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ] values */
grid-area: span 3;
grid-area: span 3 / span some-grid-area;
grid-area: 2 span / another-grid-area span;

/* Global values */
grid-area: inherit;
grid-area: initial;
grid-area: unset;

Values

auto
Is a keyword indicating that the property contributes nothing to the grid item’s placement, indicating auto-placement or a default span of 1.
<custom-ident>
If there is a named line with the name '<custom-ident>-start'/'<custom-ident>-end', it contributes the first such line to the grid item’s placement.

Note: Named grid areas automatically generate implicit named lines of this form, so specifying grid-area: foo; will choose the start/end edge of that named grid area (unless another line named foo-start/foo-end was explicitly specified before it).

Otherwise, this is treated as if the integer 1 had been specified along with the <custom-ident>.

<integer> && <custom-ident>?
Contributes the nth grid line to the grid item’s placement. If a negative integer is given, it instead counts in reverse, starting from the end edge of the explicit grid.

If a name is given as a <custom-ident>, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines are assumed to have that name for the purpose of finding this position.

An <integer> value of 0 is invalid.

span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ]
Contributes a grid span to the grid item’s placement such that the corresponding edge of the grid item’s grid area is n lines from the opposite edge.

If a name is given as a <custom-ident>, only lines with that name are counted. If not enough lines with that name exist, all implicit grid lines on the side of the explicit grid corresponding to the search direction are assumed to have that name for the purpose of counting this span.

If the <integer> is omitted, it defaults to 1. Negative integers or 0 are invalid.

Formal syntax

<grid-line> [ / <grid-line> ]{0,3}

where
<grid-line> = auto | <custom-ident> | [ <integer> && <custom-ident>? ] | [ span && [ <integer> || <custom-ident> ] ]

Example

HTML content

<div id="grid">
  <div id="item1"></div>
  <div id="item2"></div>
  <div id="item3"></div>
</div>

CSS content

#grid {
  display: grid;
  height: 100px;
  grid-template: repeat(4, 1fr) / 50px 100px;
}

#item1 {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: 2 / 2 / auto / span 3;
}

#item2 {
  background-color: yellow;
}

#item3 {
  background-color: blue;
}

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Grid Layout
The definition of 'grid-area' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Initial definition
Initial value as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Applies to grid items and absolutely-positioned boxes whose containing block is a grid container
Inherited no
Media visual
Computed value as each of the properties of the shorthand:
Animation type discrete
Canonical order the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar

Browser compatibilityUpdate compatibility data on GitHub

Desktop
Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari
Basic support 57
57
29
Disabled
Disabled From version 29: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.
16 52
52
40
Disabled
Disabled From version 40: this feature is behind the layout.css.grid.enabled preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
No 44
44
28
Disabled
Disabled From version 28: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference.
10.1
Mobile
Android webview Chrome for Android Edge Mobile Firefox for Android Opera for Android iOS Safari Samsung Internet
Basic support 57 57
57
29
Disabled
Disabled From version 29: this feature is behind the Enable experimental Web Platform features preference. To change preferences in Chrome, visit chrome://flags.
16 52
52
40
Disabled
Disabled From version 40: this feature is behind the layout.css.grid.enabled preference (needs to be set to true). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
44 10.3 6.0

See also

© 2005–2018 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/grid-area