C++ is a complex language and an evolving one, and its standard definition (the ISO C++ standard) was only recently completed. As a result, your C++ compiler may occasionally surprise you, even when its behavior is correct. This section discusses some areas that frequently give rise to questions of this sort.
| • Static Definitions: | Static member declarations are not definitions | |
| • Name lookup: | Name lookup, templates, and accessing members of base classes | |
| • Temporaries: | Temporaries may vanish before you expect | |
| • Copy Assignment: | Copy Assignment operators copy virtual bases twice |
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https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-7.3.0/gcc/C_002b_002b-Misunderstandings.html