This environment variable controls whether all I/O is unbuffered. If the first letter is ‘y’, ‘Y’ or ‘1’, all I/O is unbuffered. This will slow down small sequential reads and writes. If the first letter is ‘n’, ‘N’ or ‘0’, I/O is buffered. This is the default.
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https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-7.2.0/gfortran/GFORTRAN_005fUNBUFFERED_005fALL.html